Practice Identifying a Writer's Purpose

Read the passages below and choose the appropriate purpose(s). Then explain the writer’s purpose more fully in the space provided.

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1. I am pedaling home at sunset, a cold wind aching in my throat, pangs in my unaccustomed legs. Already the purples of November are becoming prominent in some of the far-turned oaks, the sumac, the cranberry leaves. As I ride the bike across the marsh, things begin whispering to me: the soft rustle-whispers of the tawny marsh grass and cattails; the feather-whispers of the tall, dust-grey phragmites seed heads; the clatter-whispers of the drooping clusters of bleached canoe-paddle seeds as I pedal beneath the ash trees; and the dry whispers of the crumpled grape leaves in the viburnum, faded and closed for the season. Even the silent cranberry bog beside the road seems to whisper.

(Robert Finch, Death of a Hornet and Other Cape Cod Essays)

THE WRITER'S PURPOSE:

to inform/explain
to persuade
to entertain

EXPLANATION:

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Purpose: to inform/explain and to entertain.
The writer’s purpose is to explain to readers how he feels, what he sees, and what he hears. He probably also wants to entertain readers with his essay.




2. Stunning sets, gorgeous costumes, intoxicating action, dancing to make you tap your feet, and music to stir your senses: 42nd Street is the musical every New Yorker should see. Award-winning 42nd Street is back, and it’s a blockbuster of a show.

THE WRITER'S PURPOSE:

to inform/explain
to persuade
to entertain

EXPLANATION:

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Purpose: to persuade.
The writer’s purpose is to persuade New Yorkers to see the show 42nd Street. This seems to be an ad for the show.




3. Newspapers, radio, and television are essential for a democracy. They are a vital link between the people and their public officials. They provide information and analysis about policy issues; they also sensitize those in government to public opinion, enabling policy makers to respond to the needs and desires of the population. Moreover, the news media play an important role in reporting and evaluating the decisions of government, a role that is critical for holding those in power accountable for their decisions and actions.

(Stephen J. Wayne et al., The Politics of American Government)

THE WRITER'S PURPOSE:

to inform/explain
to persuade
to entertain

EXPLANATION:

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Purpose: to persuade.
The writer’s purpose is to persuade readers that the news media are essential for a democracy.




4. I pull up the line that had tied me to my friend, my hope for food and water and clothing. The rope is in one piece. Perhaps the loop I had tied in the mainsheet broke during the last shock. Or the knot; perhaps it was the knot. The vibration and surging might have shaken it loose. Or I may have made a mistake in tying it. I have tied thousands of bowlines; it is a process as familiar as turning a key. Still . . . No matter now. No regrets. I simply wonder if this has saved me. Did my tiny rubber home escape just before it was torn to pieces? Will being set adrift kill me in the end?

(Steven Callahan, Adrift: Seventy-Six Days Lost at Sea)

THE WRITER'S PURPOSE:

to inform/explain
to persuade
to entertain

EXPLANATION:

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Purpose: to inform/explain and to entertain.
The writer’s purpose is to explain to readers what happened to him and probably also to entertain readers with his story.




5. Like clinical psychologists, psychiatrists also study the causes, treatment, and prevention of psychological disorders. How are clinical psychologists and psychiatrists different? A clinical psychologist typically has a doctorate in psychology, which includes intensive training in treating people with psychological disorders. In contrast, a psychiatrist has a medical degree plus years of specialized training in the treatment of psychological disorders. While both clinical psychologists and psychiatrists can treat patients with psychological disorders, only psychiatrists can prescribe medications and order medical procedures, such as electroshock treatments. Finally, a psychoanalyst is a clinical psychologist, psychiatrist, or other mental health professional with extensive training in Freud’s psychoanalytic method of psychotherapy.

(Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury, Psychology)

THE WRITER'S PURPOSE:

to inform/explain
to persuade
to entertain

EXPLANATION:

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Purpose: to inform/explain.
The writer’s purpose is to inform readers about the similarities and differences among clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, and psychoanalysts.




6. For years, researchers have pointed to America’s fast food diet and our love affair with television to explain why we’re becoming an obese nation. But a new study by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention may finger a new culprit: the suburbs. As James Langton reports in the London Telegraph, researchers at the agency suspect Americans don’t walk enough. To prove their thesis, they plan to equip 800 people in the Atlanta area with satellite tracking devices to see how much they walk each day. While most adults consume only about 100 calories a day more (and less fat) than they did 20 years ago, Langton writes, they’re less and less likely to get out of their cars. “The problem now seems to be a way of life so sedentary that it involves little more than a few steps between the home, driveway, and office,” Langton observes.

(“Livin’ Large in America,” Utne Reader, November–December 2001)

THE WRITER'S PURPOSE:

to inform/explain
to persuade
to entertain

EXPLANATION:

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Purpose: to inform/explain and to persuade.
The writer’s purpose is to persuade readers that the United States is becoming an obese nation because Americans don’t walk enough. The passage also explains some recent research.