The Everyday Writer


Documenting Sources
MLA Documentation
APA Documentation
CSE Documentation
• CSE: In-Text Citations
• CSE: List of References
• CSE: Sample Paper
Chicago Documentation
Book-Specific Resources / Documenting Sources /
CSE Formats: In-Text Citations

In The CBE Manual, citations within an essay follow one of two formats.
  • The citation-sequence format calls for a superscript number (1) or a number in parentheses after any mention of a source.
  • The name-year format calls for the last name of the author and the year of publication in parentheses after any mention of a source. If the last name appears in a signal phrase, the name-year format allows for giving only the year of publication in parentheses.
Before deciding which system to use, check a current journal in the field, or ask an instructor about the preferred style in a particular course or discipline.


1. In-text citation using citation-sequence superscript format

In his lengthy text, VonBergen1 provides the most complete discussion of this phenomenon.

For the citation-sequence format, you would use the same superscript (1) for each subsequent citation of this work by VonBergen.



2. In-text citation using name-year format

In his lengthy text, VonBergen provides the most complete discussion of this phenomenon (2003).

Hussar's two earlier studies of juvenile obesity (1995, 1999) examined only children with diabetes.

The classic examples of such investigations (Morrow 1968; Bridger and others 1971; Franklin and Wayson 1972) still shape the assumptions of current studies.




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